A network can be defined as a group of computers and other devices connected in some ways so as to be able to exchange data.

 Each of the devices on the network can be thought of as a node; each node has a unique address. -Addresses are numeric quantities that are easy for computers to work with, but not for humans to remember. Example: 204.160.241.98

Some networks also provide names that humans can more easily remember than numbers. Example: www.javasoft.com, corresponding to the above numeric address. NIC addr1 NIC addrN NIC addr2 …

• Clients and servers—how services such as e-mail and web pages connect using networks.
• IP addresses—how devices on a network can be found.
• Network hubs, switches and cables—the hardware building blocks of any network.
• Routers and firewalls—how to organize and control the flow of traffic on a network.

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